조현구 Hyen Goo Cho , 김순오 Soon Oh Kim , 이윤지 Yun Ji Lee , 안성진 Sung Jin Ahn , 이희일 Hi Il Yi

DOI: Vol.27(No.3) 107-114, 2014

In this study, we tried to determine the origin of fine-grained sediments in Southeastern Yellow Sea Mud patch (SEYSM) using principal component analysis coupled with semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis for 4 major clay minerals. We used 51 marine surface sediments from SEYSM and 33 surface sediments of rivers flowing into the Yellow Sea. We made bioplot diagram using R program with principal component 1 and component 2 because the two components might contain about 98% of all data. The content of each clay mineral in the south and north regions of SEYSM are almost similar. In the biplot, SEYSM sediments distribute close to Korean rivers sediments than Huanghe and Changjiang sediments. Based on these results, we suggest that SEYSM is originated from the Korean rivers sediments. The higher accumulation rate in the SEYSM compared to the sediment discharge from neighboring Korean rivers can be explained by erosion and reworking of surface sediments in this area. The principal component analysis can be used for the provenance research of marine sediments around the Korean Peninsula.

황해 남동 이질대, 주성분분석, 반정량 X선회절분석, 점토광물조성, 기원지, Southeastern Yellow Sea Mud, principal component analysis, semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis, surface sediment, clay mineral composition, provenance

김봉주 Bong Ju Kim , 조강희 Kang Hee Cho , 오스지 Su Ji Oh , 최낙철 Nag Choul Choi , 박천영 Cheon Young Park

DOI: Vol.27(No.3) 115-124, 2014

In order to leach Au and Ag from gold-silver bearing sulfide concentrate, the sulfide concentrate was ground in a ball mill for a dry pre-treatment and a wet pre-treatment process. Mineralogical studies and thiourea leaching experiments were carried out with the pre-treated sulfide concentrate. The results of the pre-treatment with the concentrate samples showed the mean particle size and iso-electrical potential was smaller in the dry pre-treatment sample than in the concentrate sample, and the contents was lower in the wet pre-treatment sample than in the dry pre-treatment sample. In XRD analysis, amorphous properties were only shown in the wet pretreatment sample. The results of the concentrate sample leaching experiments showed that the best Au, Ag leaching parameters were when the addition of thiourea was at a 1.0 g concentration, ferric sulfate was 1.0 M, sulfuric acid was 2.0 M and the leaching temperature was at 60℃. The Au, Ag leaching rate was always much greater and faster with the wet pre-treatment samples than with the dry pre-treatment samples. Accordingly, it is expected that more Au, Ag can be leached in an eco-friendly methodology using wet pre-treatment. The pre-treatment could be improved with an optimized grinding additive reagent and through researching grinding time in future non-cyanide processes.

기계적 화학적 활성화, 금-은 정광, 티오요소, 비시안용출, mechanochemical activation, gold-silver concentrate, thiourea, non-cyanide leaching

김준영 Jun Yeong Kim , 장윤득 Yun Deug Jang , 김영훈 Yeong Hun Kim , 김정진 Jeong Jin Kim

DOI: Vol.27(No.3) 125-134, 2014

The Janggun mine (Longitude E129° 03`` 40", Latitude N36° 51`` 19") was once operated as an underground mine and recently significant amount of mine and leachate water has been discharged from the mine adits and tailing dumps. Mine and leachate waters are characterized by neutral to weakly basic pH values (6.81-9.59). Major cations and anions have concentrations between 6.70-129.80 mg/L of Mg, 289.29-661.02 mg/L of Ca, 4.74-14.38 mg/L of Mn and 1205.00-2448.69 mg/L of SO4 2-. Brownish yellow precipitates that found in the stream bottom consist of poorly crystallized 2-line ferrihydrite (Fe2O3·0.5 H2O). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs show that brownish yellow precipitates consisted of micro-sized granular particles of about 0.1um in diameter. Semi-quantitative energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analyses show that these samples contained mainly Fe with minor Mn, Ca, Si and As.

갱구, 갱내수, 침출수, 침전물, 페리하이드라이트, mine adit, mine water, leachate, precipitates, ferrihydrite

정용식 Yong Sik Jeong , 유재형 Jae Hyung Yu , 고상모 Sang Mo Koh , 허철호 Chul Ho Heo

DOI: Vol.27(No.3) 135-147, 2014

This study analyzed spectroscopic methods for characterization of skarn minerals and sphalerite occurring in Dangdu ore deposit, and effectiveness of portable spectrometer in skarn mineral resources exploration is discussed. The spectroscopic analyses identified clinopyroxene, garnet, epidote, calcite, chlorite and sphalerite where spectral curves of clinopyroxene, garnet, epidote, and sphalerite show single mineral spectral characteristics and those of chlorite are in a mixed form with calcite and clinopyroxene. The assessment of spectroscopic analyses based on XRD analysis and microscopic observation reveals that clinopyroxene, garnet, epidote correspond well with more than 80% of detection, but sphalerite, chlorite, and calcite showed below 50% of detection rate. It is expected that skarn deposit exploration using a portable spectrometer is more effective in detection of clinopyroxene, garnet, and epidote whereas spectroscopic data of sphalerite, chlorite, and calcite needs to be utilized as a supplementary data. For the effective detection of chlorite and calcite, their content in the samples needs to be sufficient.

당두광상, 스카른 광상, 분광분석, 휴대용 분광계, 광물자원탐사, Dangdu ore deposit, skarn deposit, spectroscopy, portable spectrometer, mineral resources exploration

도진영 Jin Young Do , 장윤득 Yun Deug Jang , 김정진 Jeong Jin Kim

DOI: Vol.27(No.3) 149-158, 2014

Consolidants were extended use for conservation of weathered stone heritage. Epoxy, acryl, isocyanate, and alkoxysilane consolidants are most commonly used products. Consolidant of 1T1G_5 wt 0.08 % that consists of T (TEOS: Tetraethyl Orthosilicate) and G (GPTMS: 3-Glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane) were used this study. A shore hardness values show increasing after treated with consolidant in granite. Surface brightness after treated with consolidant are changing slightly dark but turns the original color over time. Ultra-sonic velocity is increased after treated with consolidant but slightly reduced over time to remain constant. It has the advantage of being effective after treated with consolidant in granite and efficiency of consolidation increase with slow velocity before treated with consolidant.

금속급 실리콘, 고품위 규사, 분급, 비중선별, 자력선별

전창표 Chang Pyo Jun , 김창환 Chang Hwan Kim , 김영규 Yeong Kyoo Kim , 이성주 Seong Joo Lee

DOI: Vol.27(No.3) 159-168, 2014

Holocene plaeoenvironmental changes were interpreted by grain size and mineral analyses of a piston core (HB 13-2), obtained along the western slope of the Hupo Basin, Korea. The core sediments are characterized by two discrete, sedimentary facies: upper unit (0-0.4 mbsf) dominated by bioturbation structures with weak lamination, and lower unit (0.4-3.3 mbsf) characterized by intensified bioturbation toward bottom. Analysis of sensitive grain size and sortable silt demonstrated that the inflow of the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) into the Hupo Basin strengthen from the period of sediment deposition over 0.82 mbsf. The minerals of the core sediments are composed mainly of quartz, microcline, orthoclase, albite and clay minerals including chlorite, kaolinite and illite. No noticeable changes of the mineral percentage was observed according to the grain size and depth of the samples. The integral breadth (Δ°2θ) of clay minerals from 1.4 mbsf to top layer shows an increasing trend, which clearly means climate warming from the period of sediment deposition above 1.4 mbsf. This interval correlates with the Holocene climate optimum at Mid Holocene.

후포분지, 입도분석, 민감입도요소, 점토광물, 대마난류, Hupo Basin, grain size analysis, sensitive grain size, clay mineral, Tsushima Warm Current